The topic for today is ‘’child labour’’.
Task 1
Read the text below to get the general idea:
The International Labour Organization (ILO) estimates that there are more than two hundred million children aged between 5 and 17 who currently work under conditions that are considered illegal, health hazardous or exploitative. Underage labourers are mostly employed in agriculture, fishing, industry and services, but they are also involved in slavery, trafficking or debt bondage. Disgraceful statistics show that around the globe child labour occurs predominantly in Asia, the Pacific, Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa. Although the number of working children in the world has fallen down significantly, but in developing countries, with high poverty and poor schooling, unfortunately, the phenomenon is still prevalent.
However, not every kind of work performed by children is considered as child labour. In ILO Conventions, the term is only used with reference to the type of employment which might be considered illegal, dangerous, harmful, or which might deprive children of their childhood and the possibility to attend school. Interestingly, the exceptions include work performed by child artists, supervised training or certain cases of tasks conducted by Amish kids or children from other native American minority groups. Surprisingly, the ILO annual reports also claim, that minors are chiefly employed by their parents, rather than in factories. What is more, the worst forms of child exploitation listed by the ILO are instances of slavery, prostitution, pornography and army recruitment.
The recent data published by the ILO indicate that, gloomy as the emerging picture may be at present, the situation of economically active children is getting better every year. The numbers vividly show a declining trend in child employment, mostly due to the implementation of international legislature aiming to abolish child exploitation in developing countries.
Task 2.
Study the text carefully and complete the sentences below by choosing correct words (A, B or C):
1. In developing countries children might be used to pay off debts incurred by their parents. This type of crime is called:
a) debt bondage b) juvenile delinquency c) identity theft
2. In the 21st century no child shall be ………………… of appropriate nutrition or proper schooling.
a) suffered b) deprived c) treated
3. Any type of work which might be …………………….. to child’s health, physical development or happiness should be strictly forbidden.
a) repetitive b) tedious c) hazardous
4. In some extreme life circumstances children can be even forced to become involved in ………….. to earn their living.
a) drunk driving b) drug trafficking c) street crime
5. The ………………….. of children ought to be banned completely in the contemporary world.
a) abuse b) humiliation c) exploitation
6. By definition, human rights stand firmly against and strictly prohibit any form of ………………… .
a) slavery b) bribery c) blackmail
7. Fighting against child labour should be considered as one of the most ………………… goals for human rights organizations around the globe.
a) common b) prevalent c) inessential
8. Frequent ………………….. of breaking international legislature protecting children are particularly visible in Sub-Saharan Africa.
a) instances b) guidelines c) rules
9. It seems that the issues of anti-child labour campaign …………………… only if the public is swept with alarming ILO reports.
a) disappear b) emerge c) vanish
10. International statistics ………………… show that the situation is changing for the better, yet the pace of changes is too slow.
a) vaguely b) slightly c) vividly
Task 3
Watch the video ‘’ ILO Reports on Child Labour Globally‘’ and fill in the sentences below:
1. It is estimated that almost …..… mln girls and boys work on a regular basis in the world.
2. The number of working children has recently dropped by …….. mln.
3. Children working at tobacco plantations start their day at ……. am.
4. Around ….….. % of child labourers are in the most hazardous forms of work.
5. In ………. the goal to eliminate the worst forms of child labour was within reach.
6. In the last ……. years child labour numbers have decreased by …….. mln (……. %).
7. The worst forms of child labour should be eliminated by ……….….
8. In Brazil …..… mln families receive cash transfers to keep their children at school.
9. Children are mostly employed in ……………(s) and on ……………(s).
10. Other forms of child exploitation include: ………….…. work, street …..………., commercial ……………. exploitation, ………..….. or forced labour as child ……………..….
KEY TO EXERCISES
Task 2.
1. In developing countries children might be used to pay off debts incurred by their parents. This type of crime is called:
a) debt bondage b) juvenile delinquency c) identity theft
2. In the 21st century no child shall be ………………… of appropriate nutrition or proper schooling.
a) suffered b) deprived c) treated
3. Any type of work which might be …………………….. to child’s health, physical development or happiness should be strictly forbidden.
a) repetitive b) tedious c) hazardous
4. In some extreme life circumstances children can be even forced to become involved in ………….. to earn their living.
a) drunk driving b) drug trafficking c) street crime
5. The ………………….. of children ought to be banned completely in the contemporary world.
a) abuse b) humiliation c) exploitation
6. By definition, human rights stand firmly against and strictly prohibit any form of ………………… .
a) slavery b) bribery c) blackmail
7. Fighting against child labour should be considered as one of the most ………………… goals for human rights organizations around the globe.
a) common b) prevalent c) inessential
8. Frequent ………………….. of breaking international legislature protecting children are particularly visible in Sub-Saharan Africa.
a) instances b) guidelines c) rules
9. It seems that the issues of anti-child labour campaign …………………… only if the public is swept with alarming ILO reports.
a) disappear b) emerge c) vanish
10. International statistics ………………… show that the situation is changing for the better, yet the pace of changes is too slow.
a) vaguely b) slightly c) vividly
Task 3.
1. It is estimated that almost …215… mln girls and boys work on a regular basis in the world.
2. The number of working children has recently dropped by …30.. mln.
3. Children working at tobacco plantations start their day at …4.. am.
4. Around …60.. % of child labourers are in the most hazardous forms of work.
5. In …2006.. the goal to eliminate the worst forms of child labour was within reach.
6. In the last …4.. years child labour numbers have decreased by ..7.. mln (…3.. %).
7. The worst forms of child labour should be eliminated by ……2016….
8. In Brazil …12… mln families receive cash transfers to keep their children at school.
9. Children are mostly employed in …MINE…(s) and on …FIELD……(s).
10. Other forms of child exploitation include: …DOMESTIC…. work, street ……FENDING…., commercial ……SEXUAL…. exploitation, ……SLAVERY….. or forced labour as child ……SOLDIERS….
LEKCJA DO POBRANIA:
Children exploitation
Children exploitation – KEY
